Language is any system of communication. The act of communication defines language more than the specific tools used. From this perspective communicating is language, while written and spoken words are simply specific symbolic tools used in language.

Frankenstein Can be Read as a Political Metaphor


Frankenstein Political Metaphor

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (1818) can be read as a political metaphor where Dr. Frankenstein and his monster represent the philosophies and attitudes of the liberal revolutionaries, specifically those of the French Revolution and ensuing “Reign of Terror.”

What is the General Will?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s concept of the General Will roughly means “that which is in the best interest of the people” or “the public good”, and not just popular consensus.